Ethereum’s next big leap in scalability is here: the Fusaka upgrade. Rolling out across testnets in October 2025, Fusaka introduces breakthrough innovations like PeerDAS, Blob Parameter Only forks, and key L1 & UX enhancements. Together, they set the stage for cheap, efficient, and secure rollups, reshaping how developers & users experience Ethereum.
Why Fusaka Matters?
Ethereum’s scaling roadmap has always emphasized rollups as the primary path forward. However, the existing 9 blob per block limit has constrained rollup throughput, keeping fees higher than ideal.
Fusaka changes this by unlocking more blob capacity and optimizing L1 performance. For the ecosystem, this means lower costs for L2 users, smoother experiences for dApp developers, and stronger security assurances across the stack.
PeerDAS & Blob Scaling
The centerpiece of Fusaka is PeerDAS (EIP-7594), a networking protocol that allows nodes to verify data availability through sampling instead of full downloads. By using erasure coding, PeerDAS ensures that the entire dataset remains cryptographically verifiable even if nodes only check small parts.
This mechanism allows Ethereum to scale blob capacity beyond 9 per block, with Blob Parameter Only (BPO) forks gradually raising limits to 15 and then 21 blobs. The direct outcome is cheaper rollups like Arbitrum, Optimism, zkSync, and Starknet, i.e., enabling them to handle far more transactions at a fraction of today’s cost.
L1 & User Experience Upgrades
Fusaka isn’t just about blobs. The upgrade includes a series of execution layer improvements like:
- Gas limit increase (EIP-7935) — pushing Ethereum’s safe execution capacity to 60M gas.
- Transaction gas cap (EIP-7825) — preventing DoS-style attacks from oversized transactions.
- Network protocol cleanup (EIP-7642) — simplifying sync and reducing bandwidth.
On the UX side, two upgrades stand out:
- secp256r1 precompile (EIP-7951) — making Ethereum compatible with Apple Secure Enclave, Android Keystore & FIDO2/WebAuthn devices, bridging crypto with mainstream hardware.
- Count Leading Zeros (CLZ) opcode (EIP-7939) — enabling efficient bit operations, compression algorithms & ZK proving optimizations.
Together, these changes ensure that Ethereum remains developer-friendly, cost-efficient, and ready for mainstream adoption.
Fusaka lays the foundation for a world where rollups are cheap, seamless, and as secure as mainnet itself. Once live on mainnet, this upgrade will mark the beginning of a new era in Ethereum’s evolution.
If you find any issues in this blog or notice any missing information, please feel free to reach out at yash@etherworld.co for clarifications or updates.
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