Ethereum’s Glamsterdam upgrade is expected to introduce significant improvements at the Consensus Layer (CL). Building upon Fusaka’s foundation, Glamsterdam focuses on enhancing censorship resistance, improving slot efficiency, reducing latency, and eliminating reorganization vulnerabilities.
The following proposals are considered frontrunners for inclusion in this upgrade.
- EIP-7805: Fork-Choice Inclusion Lists (FOCIL)
- EIP-7732: Enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation (ePBS)
- EIP-7782: Reduce Block Latency (6-Second Slots)
- EIP-7942: Available Attestation
EIP-7805: Fork-Choice Inclusion Lists (FOCIL)
FOCIL introduces inclusion lists that validators must respect when proposing blocks. By mandating inclusion of certain transactions, it directly strengthens Ethereum’s censorship resistance.
This mechanism ensures that valid transactions cannot be excluded due to external pressures, thereby reinforcing the network’s neutrality. For end users, this brings guaranteed inclusion of valid transactions and greater confidence in Ethereum’s fairness.
Developers, both application and wallet, benefit from reduced censorship risks, while tooling and infrastructure providers will need to update monitoring systems to track inclusion list compliance. Validators face the responsibility of building inclusion lists correctly, and consensus clients must undergo significant modifications to implement new fork-choice logic.
Overall, FOCIL aligns strongly with Ethereum’s goals of scaling L1, supporting L2 settlement guarantees, and improving user experience.
EIP-7732: Enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation (ePBS)
The enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation (ePBS) proposal formalizes the separation of proposers and builders within the protocol. Currently, this relationship is handled through external, off-protocol systems, which introduce trust assumptions and reliance on closed-source relays.
ePBS integrates the process directly into the consensus layer, decoupling the consensus block from the execution payload and greatly improving slot utilization. This means block propagation and execution can be optimized to achieve near 100% slot efficiency.
For end users, the benefits come indirectly through lower costs and higher throughput. Wallets gain the ability to send encrypted transactions to anonymous builders, improving privacy and flexibility.
Validators and staking pools see improvements in monitoring and transparency, though they must adjust their builder selection processes. Consensus clients face major implementation work to support this architectural shift.
By enabling larger payloads and supporting more blobs, ePBS plays a critical role in Ethereum’s long-term scalability and user experience.
EIP-7782: Reduce Block Latency (6-Second Slots)
EIP-7782 proposes reducing Ethereum’s slot time from twelve seconds to six seconds. This change would effectively halve confirmation latency, making Ethereum a faster and more efficient confirmation engine.
For users, this means average confirmation times of about three seconds, providing near real-time responsiveness. Developers, especially those building DeFi protocols, benefit from fresher data, faster price updates, and tighter spreads, which reduce arbitrage losses and enhance liquidity.
Validators receive more frequent but smaller rewards, reducing variability and disincentivizing excessive pooling. Consensus clients, however, must adapt to handle doubled message frequency and new timing logic, which requires significant engineering effort.
Despite these challenges, the result is a more responsive Ethereum network that improves both user experience and scalability without sacrificing throughput.
EIP-7942: Available Attestation
The Available Attestation proposal fundamentally redesigns Ethereum’s attestation process to eliminate all known reorganization (reorg) attacks. Instead of patching vulnerabilities one by one, it introduces a comprehensive framework that makes reorgs mathematically impossible. This brings formal security guarantees that strengthen transaction inclusion and finality properties.
For end users, it translates into stronger confidence that once their transaction is included, it cannot be reordered or censored. Developers can build applications with simpler and stronger security assumptions, eliminating many MEV-related edge cases.
Validators benefit from reduced complexity in handling reorg scenarios, while consensus clients must implement new attestation logic and update fork-choice rules. By permanently solving reorg vulnerabilities, Available Attestation enhances Ethereum’s ability to scale more aggressively while maintaining security and providing a dramatically improved user experience.
With the introduction of Fork-Choice Inclusion Lists, Enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation, Reduced Block Latency, and Available Attestation, Ethereum is set to become more censorship-resistant, faster, and more secure than ever before. These proposals collectively strengthen neutrality, improve responsiveness, and eliminate longstanding vulnerabilities, positioning Ethereum as the most reliable and scalable decentralized settlement layer for the future.
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